Korcula island
Is an island with 20 000 years of history, from the cave people till the modern ages there is something for everybody to discover on the beautiful Korcula island...
General information
Korcula is an island in the central Dalmatian archipelago spreading on an area of 279.03 sq km (length 46.8 km, width 5.3-7.8 km) with a population of 17,038 inhabitants. The coastline is rather indented. Islands highest peaks are Klupca (568 m) and Kom (510 m).Climate
The climate is mild, an average air temperature in January is 9.8 °C (in the town of Korcula) and in July 26.9 °C. Average annual rainfall is 1,100 mm and insolation reaches 2,671 hours ( in Vela Luka). The island is largely covered with the Mediterranean flora with a lot of places covered with pine forests. Economy is based on farming, viticulture , fruit growing, fishing and fish processing, shipbuilding, processing of synthetic materials and of course tourism. Summer tourism has a long tradition on the island and nautical tourism has developed greatly in the last couple of years. Major places on the coast of the island are Korcula, Lumbarda, Vela Luka, Raciste, and in the interior Blato, Zrnovo, Smokvica, Cara and Pupnat.Connectivity
The regional road connects major places on the island. The island of Korcula is connected with the mainland of Croatia with ferry line between Vela Luka and Split and a ferry line from Korcula to Orebic.History
The island was inhabited as early as the Neolithic (cave Vela Spila (Vela Cave) near Vela Luka, cave Jakasova Spilja above the cove of Rasohatica, Zrnovo) and the Bronze Age. A Greek colony existed here in the 6th and the 5th centuries BC; at that time the island was called Korkyra Melaina (remains of Greek habitations in Lumbarda, in the vicinity of Blato and in Potirna). From 35 BC the island was part of the Roman Empire; traces of Roman settlements have been discovered in the vicinity of Lumbarda, Vela Luka (locality Beneficij), Blago and on Pelegrin. On the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, the island became part of the Ostrogoth state (AD 493) and then came under the Byzantine rule (AD 555). In the 9th century it was taken by the Nerentani/Narentini, and in AD 1000 by Venice. In 1180 the island came under the Hungarian-Croatian king (in 1214 the statute of the town and the island were passed). From 1221, during two centuries, the island had several rulers - rulers from Zahumlje, Venice (in 1298 the Genoese fleet defeated the Venetian fleet near Korcula), King Lodovic I (1358), Bosnian rulers (1390) and the Dubrovnik Republic (1413-1417).In the period 1420-1797 the island was under Venice but it retained its autonomy. Due to frequent attacks of the Turkish fleet and pirate ships (all until the beginning of the 18th c.) several important points on the island were fortified (especially the town of Korcula). - After the fall of Venice there was another period of various rulers (1797-1805 Austria, 1805-1813 France, 1813-1815 Great Britain, 1815-1918 Austria). Korcula was under the Italian occupation in the period 1918-1921, and after that was annexed to Croatia.
The centre of the island, the town of Korcula, with its cultural and historical heritage, its town ramparts (similar to those of Dubrovnik) ranks among the favourite tourist destinations in southern Croatia.